Cytotoxic Effect of
Aquadest, Ethanolic, and Chloroform Extracts
of Spathoglottis
plicata Blume on Breast Cancer Cells Line (T47D Cells)
Mukhlish Jamal Musa Holle[1],2,*), Hestri Dyah Puspitasari1,2), Andaru Satryo1,2), Wahyu Dewi Astuti Ningrum1,2), Digdo Sudigyo1), and Ardaning Nuriliani1)
1) Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika
Selatan Sekip Utara Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
2) Biology Orchid Study Club, Universitas Gadjah
Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan Sekip Utara Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
*)Correspondence author: holle.mukhlish@gmail.com
Abstract. Breast cancer is one
of cancer with high mortality. This
cancer not only attacks women, but also men. Indonesia has many plants which potential
as anticancer, such as orchids. Spathoglottis plicata is one of the
orchid species that abundant in Indonesia and has a lot of antioxidant compounds which is guessed have anticancer properties. The objectives of this study were to study
the cytotoxic activity and IC50 value of aquadest, ethanolic, and
chloroform extracts of S. plicata’s pseudobulbs, leaves,
and whole plants on T47D cells (breast cancer cells
line) as well as cytotoxic activity of the specific fraction of
the most toxic crude extract. S.
plicata used in this study was obtained from
Bungarinte nursery. Extractions were done by
maceration method using aquadest, ethanol, and chloroform as the solvent.
Cytotoxic test on T47D cells were done by MTT assay. The cytotoxic data
were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s
HSD test. The IC50 of each extracts were calculate
by probit analysis.
The lowest IC50 value among all extracts was fractionated and
isolated by preparative TLC. The cytotoxic activity
and IC50 of this fractions were analyzed. The results
showed that only 2 from 9 crude extracts that able to calculate its
IC50
because those two extracts have concentration dependent pattern of inhibition concentration. Chloroform extract
have the lowest IC50 value (369,837 µg/mL). Then,
this extract fractionated by eluen n-hexane : ethyl acetate 4:1. Four fractions
were collected. The lowest IC50 value is fraction
IV (144,41 µg/mL). Based on the results it
could be concluded that S. plicata leaves have moderate potency to develop as anticancet agents, especially on breast cancer.
Keywords: S. plicata, T47D cells, cytotoxic, MTT assay, preparative TLC.
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